计及配电公司特许经营权的产消者点对点交易模型

在针对配电系统层面设计点对点电力交易机制时,需要考虑配电公司所拥有的特许经营权,通过设计适当的网络收费模式有效补偿配电系统基础设施所有者的投资和运行成本。提出一种计及配电公司特许经营权的产消者点对点交易模型。基于配电公司和产消者之间的主从互动关系,建立基于电气距离的过网费定价双层博弈模型,上层为以配电公司收益最大为目标的过网费价格决策模型,下层为考虑过网费的产消者最优调度模型;基于卡罗需-库恩-塔克(KKT)条件将双层博弈模型转化为单层混合整数规划问题,进而得到过网费价格;利用交替方向乘子法分布式求解产消者点对点实时交易电量和交易电价。IEEE 33节点配电系统的仿真结果验证了所提模型能在保证配电系统安全运行的基础上保障所有产消者利益,且能合理补偿配电公司因放弃部分特许经营权而产生的收益损失。     

考虑可控负荷的多区域电力系统分布式模型预测负荷频率控制

由于同步发电机的惯性较大,导致传统的集中式负荷频率控制模式反应不够迅速,而用户侧具有快速响应能力的可控负荷资源为系统的频率调节提供了新机遇。研究了考虑用户侧可控负荷资源主动参与系统频率调节的多区域互联电力系统分布式模型预测负荷频率控制问题。通过建立的含可控负荷的多区域互联电力系统负荷频率响应模型及自动发电控制模型,基于连续时域交替方向乘子法和分布式模型预测控制方法,提出了一种用户侧可控负荷资源主动参与的多区域互联电力系统分布式模型预测最优负荷频率控制模型。基于修改的IEEE39节点三区域互联电力系统进行仿真验证,结果表明所提考虑可控负荷的分布式模型预测控制策略可显著减少系统恢复至稳态所需的时间。分布式控制策略的控制自由度更高,增强了系统的可控性。     

An Optimized Deep-Learning-Based Low Power Approximate Multiplier Design

Approximate computing is a popular field for low power consumption that is used in several applications like image processing, video processing, multimedia and data mining. This Approximate computing is majorly performed with an arithmetic circuit particular with a multiplier. The multiplier is the most essential element used for approximate computing where the power consumption is majorly based on its performance. There are several researchers are worked on the approximate multiplier for power reduction for a few decades, but the design of low power approximate multiplier is not so easy. This seems a bigger challenge for digital industries to design an approximate multiplier with low power and minimum error rate with higher accuracy. To overcome these issues, the digital circuits are applied to the Deep Learning (DL) approaches for higher accuracy. In recent times, DL is the method that is used for higher learning and prediction accuracy in several fields. Therefore, the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is a popular time series DL method is used in this work for approximate computing. To provide an optimal solution, the LSTM is combined with a meta-heuristics Jellyfish search optimisation technique to design an input aware deep learning-based approximate multiplier (DLAM). In this work, the jelly optimised LSTM model is used to enhance the error metrics performance of the Approximate multiplier. The optimal hyperparameters of the LSTM model are identified by jelly search optimisation. This fine-tuning is used to obtain an optimal solution to perform an LSTM with higher accuracy. The proposed pre-trained LSTM model is used to generate approximate design libraries for the different truncation levels as a function of area, delay, power and error metrics. The experimental results on an 8-bit multiplier with an image processing application shows that the proposed approximate computing multiplier achieved a superior area and power reduction with very good results on error rates.     

Optimization of Quantum Cost for Low Energy Reversible Signed/Unsigned Multiplier Using Urdhva-Tiryakbhyam Sutra

One of the elementary operations in computing systems is multiplication. Therefore, high-speed and low-power multipliers design is mandatory for efficient computing systems. In designing low-energy dissipation circuits, reversible logic is more efficient than irreversible logic circuits but at the cost of higher complexity. This paper introduces an efficient signed/unsigned 4 × 4 reversible Vedic multiplier with minimum quantum cost. The Vedic multiplier is considered fast as it generates all partial product and their sum in one step. This paper proposes two reversible Vedic multipliers with optimized quantum cost and garbage output. First, the unsigned Vedic multiplier is designed based on the Urdhava Tiryakbhyam (UT) Sutra. This multiplier consists of bitwise multiplication and adder compressors. Compared with Vedic multipliers in the literature, the proposed design has a quantum cost of 111 with a reduction of 94% compared to the previous design. It has a garbage output of 30 with optimization of the best-compared design. Second, the proposed unsigned multiplier is expanded to allow the multiplication of signed numbers as well as unsigned numbers. Two signed Vedic multipliers are presented with the aim of obtaining more optimization in performance parameters. DesignI has separate binary two’s complement (B2C) and MUX circuits, while DesignII combines binary two’s complement and MUX circuits in one circuit. DesignI shows the lowest quantum cost, 231, regarding state-of-the-art. DesignII has a quantum cost of 199, reducing to 86.14% of DesignI. The functionality of the proposed multiplier is simulated and verified using XILINX ISE 14.2.     

稀疏约束的时空正则相关滤波无人机视觉跟踪

目的 基于相关滤波的跟踪算法在无人机(unmanned aerial vehicle,UAV)视觉跟踪领域表现出卓越的性能。现有的相关滤波类跟踪算法从样本区域的所有特征中学习滤波器,然而某些来自遮挡或形变的特征可能会污染滤波器,降低模型判别能力。针对此问题,提出一种稀疏约束的时空正则相关滤波跟踪算法。方法 在相关滤波目标函数上施加空间弹性网络约束以自适应地抑制跟踪过程中的干扰特征,同时集成空间—时间正则相关滤波算法(spatial-temporal regularized correlation filter,STRCF)中的时间正则项以增强滤波器抑制畸变的能力。采用交替方向乘子法(alternating direction method of multipliers,ADMM)将带有约束项的目标函数转化为两个具有闭式解的子问题迭代求局部最优解。此外,提出一种相关滤波框架通用的加速策略,根据当前帧的目标位移量,对检测定位阶段的特征矩阵进行等距离的循环移位,将其作为在线学习阶段的特征矩阵,每帧可节省一次训练样本的特征提取操作,提高跟踪速度。结果 在3个UAV数据集上与14种主流跟踪算法进...     

基于ADMM算法的主动配电网分层优化经济调度

主动配电网(active distribution network,ADN)因其具有调度控制灵活、用户交互性高、能源利用率高等特征正逐渐取代传统配电网,在系统安全运行的前提下实现了经济性最优的目标。文章充分考虑配电网整体运行的经济性,提出一种基于交替方向乘子法(alternating direction method of multipliers, ADMM)的主动配电网分层优化经济调度方法。首先,以最小配电网整体运行成本为目标建立了主动配电网分层优化调度模型,借助ADMM算法分解为上下两层进行求解,上层以最小化配电网整体运行成本为目标进行优化,下层考虑配电网内部节点接入的分布式光伏和储能单元,以最小化本地储能运行成本和购电成本为目标进行优化。其次,上下两层通过有限的边界信息交换,相互迭代,直至满足收敛条件,得出最优解。最后,通过设计算例进行测试,验证了所提调度方法的有效性和可行性。     

Patterning of Discotic Liquid Crystals with Tunable Molecular Orientation for Electronic Applications

The large‐area formation of functional micropatterns with liquid crystals is of great significance for diversified applications in interdisciplinary fields. Meanwhile, the control of molecular alignment in the patterns is fundamental and prerequisite for the adequate exploitation of their photoelectric properties. However, it would be extremely complicated and challenging for discotic liquid crystals (DLCs) to achieve the goal, because they are insensitive to external fields and surface chemistry. Herein, a simple method of patterning and aligning DLCs on flat substrates is disclosed through precise control of the formation and dewetting of the capillary liquid bridges, within which the DLC molecules are confined. Large‐area uniform alignment occurs spontaneously due to directional shearing force when the solvent is slowly evaporated and programmable patterns could be directly generated on desired substrates. Moreover, the in‐plane column direction of DLCs is tunable by slightly tailoring their chemical structures which changes their self‐assembly behaviors in liquid bridges. The patterned DLCs show molecular orientation–dependent charge transport properties and are promising for templating self‐assembly of other materials. The study provides a facile method for manipulation of the macroscopic patterns and microscopic molecular orientation which opens up new opportunities for electronic applications of DLCs.     

X射线及低能γ光子在金属箔透射面的光致电子发射产额

采用改进的密立根光电流测量法,在透射方向测量了＾２４１Ａｍ放射源的Ｘ射线及低能γ光子在透过不同厚度的Ａｌ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｔａ及Ｗ箔时光致电子发射的产额。结果表明：光致电子发射产额在样品厚度范围内随箔厚的增加而减少;在高原子序数材料中将产生更多的光致电子发射。提出了“射程层贡献”模型,以该模型为基础建立的计算方法所得结果与实验值间相对误差平均约为１０％。     

基于价值密度的替代与事务优先级分派策略

针对基于替代/补偿的实时事务模型中的优先级分派问题,提出基于价值密度的替代与事务优先级分派策略PBAC。在PBAC中,替代优先级基于替代的价值密度,并与替代的执行时间和紧迫性相关,事务优先级继承自替代的优先级,并受事务执行度的影响。仿真实验结果证明,该策略使系统可以更好地对基于替代/补偿的事务模型进行调度。     

基于FPGA的相关干涉仪算法的研究与实现

提出一种利用FPGA实现相关干涉仪测向算法的方法,给出了测向系统的结构和组成框图,并详细介绍了FPGA内部模块的划分及设计流程,最后结合实际设计出一种实现方案,并讨论了该方案在宽带测向中较原有实现方式的优势。为了使算法更适于FPGA实现,提出了一种新的相位样本选取方法,并仿真验证了该方法与传统方法的等效性。